Guides
The rules behind a good listing.
Short, practical guides for sellers on Amazon, eBay, Kaufland, Otto and Etsy: what the marketplaces and EU law expect, with examples you can copy.
Rules for the listing text
What EU and German law require in every listing, and the wording that leads to warning letters.
Green claims ban: what EU sellers can no longer write
Banned since 27 Sep 2026: “eco-friendly”, “climate-neutral” and similar claims. What the EU rule and German UWG cover and what to write instead.
GPSR requirements: what every online listing must show
Manufacturer, EU responsible person, identifier, warnings: what Article 19 GPSR requires and which fields to use on Amazon, eBay, Kaufland and Otto.
“CE-geprüft”, TÜV and GS: test claims in listings
Why “CE-geprüft” is misleading, when you may use TÜV and GS marks, and what skin and allergy claims need — with better wording for German listings.
Textile fibre names: why “bamboo” is not allowed
Which fibre names the EU Textile Regulation allows, how to state the composition online and when “100 %” is allowed — with German examples.
Toy warnings online: what your listing must show
Age limits and toy warnings must be visible before purchase, also online. Exact EU wording, where it goes on Amazon, eBay and Kaufland, what changes in 2030.
Cosmetics claims: what EU listings may say
“Dermatologically tested”, “hypoallergenic”, “paraben-free”: which cosmetics claims the EU allows, what backs them, and what the online listing must show.
Energy label online: what sellers must show
EU energy label and product information sheet in online listings: which products need them, how to display them next to the price, and how EPREL helps.
Unit price in Germany (Grundpreis): PAngV rules
Germany’s unit price rule (§ 4 PAngV): per 1 kg, 1 l or 1 m, exceptions, worked examples, Amazon and eBay fields and the mistakes that get sellers warned.
LUCID, WEEE and battery numbers in Germany: listing rules
Packaging, electrical equipment, batteries: which German registration you need, which number goes in the offer and what marketplaces ask for (VerpackDG 2026).
Abmahnung for marketplace sellers in Germany: what to do
Who may send a German warning letter, how the UWG limits costs and penalties, typical listing grounds and what to do when you receive one.
Digital Product Passport: what sellers need to know
The EU Digital Product Passport explained: which products need one and when, the battery passport from February 2027, toys from 2030, and what to prepare now.
Marketplaces
What Amazon, Kaufland, Otto, eBay and Etsy expect in each field.
Amazon backend search terms: the 249-byte limit
Why Amazon counts bytes, not characters, why umlauts count twice, and what belongs in the search terms field — with a before-and-after example.
Amazon product title rules: 75 characters, banned symbols
Since 27 July 2026: 75 characters plus Item Highlights, forbidden characters, repeated words, promotional wording and a before/after example.
Amazon bullet points: rules, length and examples
Count, length (under 255 characters), style rules, banned characters and claims – with before/after examples in German for two categories.
Amazon listing suppressed: causes and how to fix it
Where to find suppressed listings, the common causes (main image, attributes, title, GPSR, pricing error), how to fix each and how to prevent it.
Amazon product description vs A+ Content: what goes where
Description field or A+ Content: length, HTML, Brand Registry, what Amazon says about search and where mandatory information stays visible.
Kaufland product data: title, description, GPSR
Kaufland product data field by field: EAN, mandatory attributes, 50–80-character titles, description rules, language per storefront and GPSR fields.
OTTO Market product data: description, selling points
OTTO Market product data field by field: who can sell, product line instead of a title, description under 2,000 characters, selling points, attributes, GPSR.
eBay item description rules: HTML, links, contact data
What an eBay.de description may contain: HTML without active content, no contact details or external links, 80-character titles, item specifics and GPSR.
Etsy tags and translations: 13 tags, titles, GPSR
Etsy tags (13 × 20 characters), attributes, titles under 15 words, automatic vs. your own German and French translations, and Etsy’s GPSR fields.
Selling in other EU countries
Labels, languages and registrations for France, Italy, Spain and Poland.
France AGEC law and Triman: rules for EU sellers
Selling to France from another EU country: EPR IDU, Triman and Info-tri, repairability and durability scores, banned eco wording and the Toubon law.
Italy packaging labelling, CONAI and WEEE for sellers
Selling to Italy: material codes under 97/129/EC, disposal instructions, digital labelling, CONAI, the Italian WEEE register and Italian-language rules.
Selling in Spain: Amazon.es and marketplace requirements
Spanish for mandatory information, packaging and WEEE registration via an authorised representative, packaging marking and the 3-year guarantee.
Selling in Poland: Allegro, Amazon.pl and BDO rules
Polish language duty, the BDO number, an authorised representative for electrical goods, packaging under the PPWR and GPSR fields on Allegro.
Writing and translating
Examples, translations and what AI tools can and cannot do for a listing.
Amazon listing optimisation: checklist and example
Review an Amazon listing field by field, with a before-and-after example, product data checks and a practical publication checklist.
Product data template for AI product descriptions
A reusable product brief for AI listing drafts: materials, dimensions, evidence, unknowns and writing instructions, with a filled example.
Adapt an Amazon listing for eBay: a worked example
Move Amazon listing facts into eBay titles, descriptions and item specifics. A worked example shows the copy and fields to review.
Translating listings: why machine translation underperforms
Translating listings for Amazon.fr, .it, .es, .pl and Kaufland: local keywords, sizes, fibre names, warnings, byte limits and a workflow that works.
Amazon product description examples: 4 full listings
Four complete Amazon listings – T-shirt, LED lamp, face cream, water bottle – with title, bullets, description, search terms and why each is written so.
ChatGPT for Amazon listings? Nordova vs ChatGPT tested
Our test of 15 listings: where ChatGPT invents properties and breaks limits, what it does well, when it is enough and how to use it safely.
AI tools for German Amazon listings compared
ChatGPT, Amazon’s AI, Helium 10, Jungle Scout, DeepL and Nordova: German language, limits, EU rules, invented facts and prices, as of October 2026.